Add authentication

server/build.gradle.kts

@@ -29,13 +29,32 @@ dependencies {
     implementation(libs.ktor.serverNetty)
     implementation(libs.ktor.serverContentNegotiation)
     implementation(libs.ktor.serializationKotlinxJson)
+    implementation(libs.kotlinx.serializationJson)
     implementation(libs.logback)
     implementation(libs.flyway.core)
     implementation(libs.flyway.database.postgresql)
     implementation(libs.postgresql)
     implementation(projects.shared)
+
+    // Phase 2: Ktor auth + JWT validation + observability (D-21..D-23).
+    implementation(libs.ktor.serverAuth)
+    implementation(libs.ktor.serverAuthJwt)
+    implementation(libs.ktor.serverCallLogging)
+    implementation(libs.ktor.serverStatusPages)
+
+    // Phase 2: Exposed DSL + Hikari connection pool (D-26).
+    implementation(libs.exposed.core)
+    implementation(libs.exposed.jdbc)
+    implementation(libs.exposed.java.time)
+    implementation(libs.hikari)
+
     testImplementation(libs.ktor.serverTestHost)
     testImplementation(libs.kotlin.testJunit)
+
+    // Phase 2: Testcontainers for JIT user provisioning + JWT auth integration tests
+    // (AUTH-03, AUTH-06). Wired here so Plan 02-02 only needs to write tests.
+    testImplementation(libs.testcontainers.postgresql)
+    testImplementation(libs.testcontainers.junit.jupiter)
 }
 
 flyway {

server/src/main/kotlin/dev/ulfrx/recipe/Application.kt

@@ -1,20 +1,22 @@
 package dev.ulfrx.recipe
 
+import dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth.PrincipalResolver
+import dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth.configureAuthentication
+import dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth.meRoute
 import io.ktor.serialization.kotlinx.json.json
 import io.ktor.server.application.Application
 import io.ktor.server.application.install
-import io.ktor.server.engine.embeddedServer
-import io.ktor.server.netty.Netty
+import io.ktor.server.netty.EngineMain
+import io.ktor.server.plugins.calllogging.CallLogging
 import io.ktor.server.plugins.contentnegotiation.ContentNegotiation
+import io.ktor.server.request.httpMethod
+import io.ktor.server.request.path
 import io.ktor.server.response.respond
 import io.ktor.server.routing.get
 import io.ktor.server.routing.routing
 import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
 
-fun main() {
-    embeddedServer(Netty, port = SERVER_PORT, host = "0.0.0.0", module = Application::module)
-        .start(wait = true)
-}
+fun main(args: Array<String>): Unit = EngineMain.main(args)
 
 @Serializable
 private data class Health(
@@ -22,17 +24,28 @@ private data class Health(
 )
 
 fun Application.module() {
+    install(CallLogging) {
+        // Method + path + status only — never headers (D-23). Ktor 3.4.1's CallLoggingConfig
+        // doesn't expose a header-redaction API, so the only safe approach is to omit header
+        // data from the format entirely. Bearer tokens never reach the log.
+        format { call ->
+            "${call.request.httpMethod.value} ${call.request.path()} -> ${call.response.status()?.value ?: "-"}"
+        }
+    }
     install(ContentNegotiation) {
         json()
     }
+    configureAuthentication()
     Database.migrate(this)
-    configureRouting()
+    Database.connect(this)
+    configureRouting(PrincipalResolver())
 }
 
-fun Application.configureRouting() {
+fun Application.configureRouting(principalResolver: PrincipalResolver = PrincipalResolver()) {
     routing {
         get("/health") {
             call.respond(Health(status = "ok"))
         }
+        meRoute(principalResolver)
     }
 }

server/src/main/kotlin/dev/ulfrx/recipe/Database.kt

@@ -1,28 +1,18 @@
 package dev.ulfrx.recipe
 
+import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariConfig
+import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
 import io.ktor.server.application.Application
 import org.flywaydb.core.Flyway
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory
+import org.jetbrains.exposed.sql.Database as ExposedDatabase
 
 object Database {
     private val log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Database::class.java)
 
     fun migrate(app: Application) {
-        val url =
-            app.environment.config
-                .property("database.url")
-                .getString()
-        val user =
-            app.environment.config
-                .property("database.user")
-                .getString()
-        val password =
-            app.environment.config
-                .property("database.password")
-                .getString()
-
+        val (url, user, password) = readConfig(app)
         log.info("Connecting to {} as {} and running Flyway migrations", url, user)
-
         runCatching {
             Flyway
                 .configure()
@@ -38,4 +28,48 @@ object Database {
             throw IllegalStateException("Database unreachable or migration failed", ex)
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Wire Exposed to a Hikari pool against the same JDBC URL Flyway used.
+     * Must be called AFTER [migrate] so the schema is in place before the first
+     * Exposed transaction runs (Phase 2 D-26).
+     */
+    fun connect(app: Application) {
+        val (url, user, password) = readConfig(app)
+        val ds =
+            HikariDataSource(
+                HikariConfig().apply {
+                    jdbcUrl = url
+                    username = user
+                    setPassword(password)
+                    maximumPoolSize = 10
+                    minimumIdle = 2
+                    poolName = "recipe-pool"
+                },
+            )
+        ExposedDatabase.connect(ds)
+        log.info("Exposed connected via Hikari pool '{}'", ds.poolName)
+    }
+
+    private data class Conf(
+        val url: String,
+        val user: String,
+        val password: String,
+    )
+
+    private fun readConfig(app: Application): Conf =
+        Conf(
+            url =
+                app.environment.config
+                    .property("database.url")
+                    .getString(),
+            user =
+                app.environment.config
+                    .property("database.user")
+                    .getString(),
+            password =
+                app.environment.config
+                    .property("database.password")
+                    .getString(),
+        )
 }

server/src/main/kotlin/dev/ulfrx/recipe/auth/AuthConfig.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth
+
+import io.ktor.server.config.ApplicationConfig
+
+/**
+ * Server OIDC configuration (D-12, D-21..D-22).
+ *
+ * Values come from `application.conf` (`oidc { ... }`) overridden by
+ * `OIDC_ISSUER` / `OIDC_AUDIENCE` / `OIDC_JWKS_URL` env vars at deploy time. The
+ * pinned defaults match `Constants.OIDC_ISSUER` / `Constants.OIDC_CLIENT_ID` so
+ * dev runs against the documented Authentik provider playbook
+ * (`docs/authentik-setup.md`) without extra wiring.
+ *
+ * `jwksUrl` is required: D-22 mandates a `JwkProvider` with explicit cache + rate
+ * limits. If the deployer omits it, `fromApplicationConfig` derives the standard
+ * Authentik path (`{issuer}jwks/`). The trailing-slash invariant on `issuer` is
+ * enforced by [Constants.OIDC_ISSUER] / `application.conf`.
+ */
+public data class AuthConfig(
+    val issuer: String,
+    val audience: String,
+    val jwksUrl: String,
+    val leewaySeconds: Long = 30L,
+) {
+    public companion object {
+        public fun fromApplicationConfig(config: ApplicationConfig): AuthConfig {
+            val issuer = config.property("oidc.issuer").getString()
+            val audience = config.property("oidc.audience").getString()
+            val jwksUrl =
+                config.propertyOrNull("oidc.jwksUrl")?.getString()?.takeIf { it.isNotBlank() }
+                    ?: "${issuer.trimEnd('/')}/jwks/"
+            val leewaySeconds =
+                config.propertyOrNull("oidc.leewaySeconds")?.getString()?.toLongOrNull() ?: 30L
+            return AuthConfig(
+                issuer = issuer,
+                audience = audience,
+                jwksUrl = jwksUrl,
+                leewaySeconds = leewaySeconds,
+            )
+        }
+    }
+}

server/src/main/kotlin/dev/ulfrx/recipe/auth/AuthPlugin.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth
+
+import com.auth0.jwk.JwkProvider
+import com.auth0.jwk.JwkProviderBuilder
+import io.ktor.server.application.Application
+import io.ktor.server.application.install
+import io.ktor.server.auth.Authentication
+import io.ktor.server.auth.jwt.JWTPrincipal
+import io.ktor.server.auth.jwt.jwt
+import java.net.URI
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
+
+/**
+ * Installs the `jwt("authentik")` Ktor authentication provider per D-21..D-23.
+ *
+ * Production callers use the no-arg form, which reads [AuthConfig] from
+ * `application.conf` and builds a cached, rate-limited [JwkProvider] from the
+ * issuer's JWKS endpoint (D-22: `cached(10, 15, MINUTES)` + `rateLimited(10, 1, MINUTES)`).
+ *
+ * Tests override [jwkProvider] with [JwtTestSupport.provider] to keep verification
+ * in-process — `testApplication` has no usable network port, so the URL-based
+ * builder isn't viable.
+ *
+ * Validate block enforces D-21's non-empty `sub` rule. Returning `null` from
+ * `validate` produces 401 — Ktor's default challenge handler is sufficient; we
+ * deliberately avoid logging Authorization headers or token bodies (D-23).
+ */
+public fun Application.configureAuthentication(
+    authConfig: AuthConfig = AuthConfig.fromApplicationConfig(environment.config),
+    jwkProvider: JwkProvider =
+        JwkProviderBuilder(URI(authConfig.jwksUrl).toURL())
+            .cached(10, 15, TimeUnit.MINUTES)
+            .rateLimited(10, 1, TimeUnit.MINUTES)
+            .build(),
+) {
+    install(Authentication) {
+        jwt("authentik") {
+            realm = "recipe"
+            verifier(jwkProvider, authConfig.issuer) {
+                withIssuer(authConfig.issuer)
+                withAudience(authConfig.audience)
+                // D-21: clock-skew tolerance pinned at 30 seconds (acceptLeeway(30 seconds)).
+                // Honor the AuthConfig override if set lower for tests, but never exceed 30.
+                acceptLeeway(authConfig.leewaySeconds.coerceAtMost(30L))
+            }
+            validate { credential ->
+                val sub = credential.payload.subject
+                if (sub.isNullOrBlank()) null else JWTPrincipal(credential.payload)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

server/src/main/kotlin/dev/ulfrx/recipe/auth/MeRoute.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth
+
+import io.ktor.http.HttpStatusCode
+import io.ktor.server.auth.authenticate
+import io.ktor.server.auth.jwt.JWTPrincipal
+import io.ktor.server.auth.principal
+import io.ktor.server.response.respond
+import io.ktor.server.routing.Route
+import io.ktor.server.routing.get
+
+/**
+ * Protected `GET /api/v1/me` route per D-27.
+ *
+ * The `authenticate("authentik")` block must be installed by [configureAuthentication]
+ * before this route is registered. JIT user provisioning happens inside [PrincipalResolver]
+ * on every authenticated call so claim drift propagates without an explicit migration.
+ */
+public fun Route.meRoute(principalResolver: PrincipalResolver) {
+    authenticate("authentik") {
+        get("/api/v1/me") {
+            val jwt =
+                call.principal<JWTPrincipal>()
+                    ?: return@get call.respond(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized)
+            val me = principalResolver.resolve(jwt)
+            call.respond(me)
+        }
+    }
+}

server/src/main/kotlin/dev/ulfrx/recipe/auth/PrincipalResolver.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth
+
+import dev.ulfrx.recipe.shared.dto.MeResponse
+import io.ktor.server.auth.jwt.JWTPrincipal
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import org.jetbrains.exposed.sql.TextColumnType
+import org.jetbrains.exposed.sql.statements.StatementType
+import org.jetbrains.exposed.sql.transactions.experimental.newSuspendedTransaction
+
+/**
+ * Resolves a Ktor [JWTPrincipal] to a persisted [MeResponse] via JIT upsert (D-25).
+ *
+ * One row per OIDC `sub`; email + display_name refresh on every authenticated
+ * request so claim drift in Authentik propagates without an explicit migration.
+ *
+ * Implementation detail: Postgres `INSERT ... ON CONFLICT (sub) DO UPDATE ...
+ * RETURNING *` is the atomic upsert per D-25. We issue raw SQL via Exposed's
+ * `exec()` so we can use `RETURNING` (Exposed 0.55.0 DSL `upsert` returns the
+ * insert count, not the row, and we need the generated id and updated_at). DAO
+ * is forbidden by CLAUDE.md #5; we use `exec` (DSL) not the DAO API.
+ *
+ * `newSuspendedTransaction(Dispatchers.IO)` is mandatory: a plain blocking
+ * Exposed transaction inside a suspend route exhausts the connection pool
+ * (CLAUDE.md #6, PITFALLS.md #5/#6).
+ */
+public class PrincipalResolver {
+    public suspend fun resolve(principal: JWTPrincipal): MeResponse {
+        val sub =
+            principal.payload.subject?.takeIf { it.isNotBlank() }
+                ?: error("PrincipalResolver invoked with blank sub — should be blocked by AuthPlugin.validate")
+        val email =
+            principal.payload
+                .getClaim("email")
+                ?.asString()
+                .orEmpty()
+        val nameClaim = principal.payload.getClaim("name")?.asString()
+        val preferredUsername = principal.payload.getClaim("preferred_username")?.asString()
+        val displayName = nameClaim ?: preferredUsername ?: email.ifBlank { sub }
+
+        return newSuspendedTransaction(Dispatchers.IO) {
+            var row: MeResponse? = null
+            // INSERT...RETURNING returns a ResultSet, so we must mark this as a SELECT
+            // statement type — Exposed's `exec` defaults to executeUpdate() for INSERT
+            // statements which Postgres rejects with "A result was returned when none
+            // was expected."
+            exec(
+                stmt =
+                    """
+                    INSERT INTO users (sub, email, display_name)
+                    VALUES (?, ?, ?)
+                    ON CONFLICT (sub) DO UPDATE
+                        SET email = EXCLUDED.email,
+                            display_name = EXCLUDED.display_name,
+                            updated_at = now()
+                    RETURNING id, sub, email, display_name
+                    """.trimIndent(),
+                args =
+                    listOf(
+                        TextColumnType() to sub,
+                        TextColumnType() to email,
+                        TextColumnType() to displayName,
+                    ),
+                explicitStatementType = StatementType.SELECT,
+            ) { rs ->
+                if (rs.next()) {
+                    row =
+                        MeResponse(
+                            id = rs.getObject("id").toString(),
+                            sub = rs.getString("sub"),
+                            email = rs.getString("email"),
+                            displayName = rs.getString("display_name"),
+                        )
+                }
+            }
+            row ?: error("Upsert RETURNING produced no row for sub=$sub")
+        }
+    }
+}

server/src/main/kotlin/dev/ulfrx/recipe/auth/UsersTable.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth
+
+import org.jetbrains.exposed.sql.Table
+import org.jetbrains.exposed.sql.javatime.timestamp
+
+/**
+ * Exposed DSL mapping for the Phase 2 `users` migration (D-24, D-26).
+ *
+ * DSL only — DAO is forbidden by CLAUDE.md #5. Phase 3 will add `households`,
+ * `memberships`, and `invites` tables; this table stays untouched at that point
+ * because identity is anchored on the OIDC `sub`.
+ */
+public object UsersTable : Table("users") {
+    public val id = uuid("id")
+    public val sub = text("sub")
+    public val email = text("email")
+    public val displayName = text("display_name")
+    public val createdAt = timestamp("created_at")
+    public val updatedAt = timestamp("updated_at")
+    override val primaryKey = PrimaryKey(id)
+}

server/src/main/resources/application.conf

@@ -16,3 +16,16 @@ database {
     password = "recipe"
     password = ${?DATABASE_PASSWORD}
 }
+
+oidc {
+    # Authentik OIDC issuer (trailing slash required — see Constants.OIDC_ISSUER / D-11).
+    issuer = "https://auth.ulfrx.dev/application/o/recipe-app/"
+    issuer = ${?OIDC_ISSUER}
+    # Audience pinned to client_id per D-07.
+    audience = "recipe-app"
+    audience = ${?OIDC_AUDIENCE}
+    # Optional override; if blank, AuthConfig.fromApplicationConfig derives `${issuer}jwks/`.
+    jwksUrl = "https://auth.ulfrx.dev/application/o/recipe-app/jwks/"
+    jwksUrl = ${?OIDC_JWKS_URL}
+    leewaySeconds = "30"
+}

server/src/main/resources/db/migration/V1__users.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+-- Phase 2 D-24: principal table for OIDC-resolved users.
+-- Identity is the OIDC `sub` claim (UNIQUE); email/display_name are mutable claims
+-- refreshed by the JIT upsert in PrincipalResolver. Phase 3 layers
+-- households/memberships/invites on top of this; do NOT add household_id here.
+CREATE TABLE users (
+    id           UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    sub          TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    email        TEXT NOT NULL,
+    display_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    created_at   TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT now(),
+    updated_at   TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT now()
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX users_sub_idx ON users(sub);

server/src/test/kotlin/dev/ulfrx/recipe/ApplicationTest.kt

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 package dev.ulfrx.recipe
 
+import dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth.AuthConfig
+import dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth.JwtTestSupport
+import dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth.configureAuthentication
 import io.ktor.client.request.get
 import io.ktor.client.statement.bodyAsText
 import io.ktor.http.HttpStatusCode
@@ -15,10 +18,24 @@ class ApplicationTest {
     @Test
     fun `health endpoint returns 200 with status ok`() =
         testApplication {
+            // Phase 2: configureRouting now wires `meRoute` under `authenticate("authentik")`,
+            // so the Authentication plugin must be installed before routing — otherwise the
+            // route DSL throws MissingApplicationPluginException at registration time.
+            // The verifier doesn't need to validate any tokens for this `/health` test, but
+            // the plugin must exist; reuse the test JWT support to keep the wiring honest.
+            val support = JwtTestSupport()
             application {
                 install(ContentNegotiation) {
                     json()
                 }
+                configureAuthentication(
+                    AuthConfig(
+                        issuer = support.issuer,
+                        audience = support.audience,
+                        jwksUrl = "https://test-authentik.invalid/application/o/jwks/",
+                    ),
+                    support.provider,
+                )
                 configureRouting()
             }
             val response = client.get("/health")

server/src/test/kotlin/dev/ulfrx/recipe/auth/AuthJwtTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+package dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth
+
+import io.ktor.client.request.get
+import io.ktor.client.request.header
+import io.ktor.http.HttpHeaders
+import io.ktor.http.HttpStatusCode
+import io.ktor.serialization.kotlinx.json.json
+import io.ktor.server.application.Application
+import io.ktor.server.application.install
+import io.ktor.server.auth.authenticate
+import io.ktor.server.plugins.contentnegotiation.ContentNegotiation
+import io.ktor.server.response.respondText
+import io.ktor.server.routing.get
+import io.ktor.server.routing.routing
+import io.ktor.server.testing.testApplication
+import kotlin.test.Test
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+
+/**
+ * Negative + positive JWT validation coverage for the `/api/v1/me` boundary
+ * (AUTH-03, D-21..D-23). Tests run against a hand-mounted protected route under
+ * `authenticate("authentik")` so they exercise the same Ktor verifier path as
+ * production without depending on Postgres or Flyway (those land in
+ * `MeRouteTest` per Plan 02-02 Task 3).
+ */
+class AuthJwtTest {
+    private fun authConfigFor(support: JwtTestSupport): AuthConfig =
+        AuthConfig(
+            issuer = support.issuer,
+            audience = support.audience,
+            // jwksUrl is unused when a JwkProvider override is supplied — the value
+            // just needs to be a syntactically-valid URL so AuthConfig invariants hold.
+            jwksUrl = "https://test-authentik.invalid/application/o/jwks/",
+            leewaySeconds = 30,
+        )
+
+    private fun Application.installProtectedRoute(support: JwtTestSupport) {
+        install(ContentNegotiation) { json() }
+        configureAuthentication(authConfigFor(support), support.provider)
+        routing {
+            authenticate("authentik") {
+                get("/protected") { call.respondText("ok") }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `no Authorization header returns 401`() =
+        testApplication {
+            val support = JwtTestSupport()
+            application { installProtectedRoute(support) }
+            val response = client.get("/protected")
+            assertEquals(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, response.status)
+        }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `expired token returns 401`() =
+        testApplication {
+            val support = JwtTestSupport()
+            application { installProtectedRoute(support) }
+            val token = support.mint(expiresInSeconds = -60)
+            val response =
+                client.get("/protected") { header(HttpHeaders.Authorization, "Bearer $token") }
+            assertEquals(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, response.status)
+        }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `wrong issuer returns 401`() =
+        testApplication {
+            val support = JwtTestSupport()
+            application { installProtectedRoute(support) }
+            val token = support.mint(iss = "https://attacker.invalid/")
+            val response =
+                client.get("/protected") { header(HttpHeaders.Authorization, "Bearer $token") }
+            assertEquals(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, response.status)
+        }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `wrong audience returns 401`() =
+        testApplication {
+            val support = JwtTestSupport()
+            application { installProtectedRoute(support) }
+            val token = support.mint(aud = "some-other-app")
+            val response =
+                client.get("/protected") { header(HttpHeaders.Authorization, "Bearer $token") }
+            assertEquals(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, response.status)
+        }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `blank sub returns 401`() =
+        testApplication {
+            val support = JwtTestSupport()
+            application { installProtectedRoute(support) }
+            // JWT spec disallows an empty `sub` claim (auth0/java-jwt rejects ""),
+            // so we omit the claim entirely — the validate block must reject both
+            // null and blank as required by D-21.
+            val token = support.mint(sub = null)
+            val response =
+                client.get("/protected") { header(HttpHeaders.Authorization, "Bearer $token") }
+            assertEquals(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, response.status)
+        }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `valid RS256 token returns 200 from a protected test route`() =
+        testApplication {
+            val support = JwtTestSupport()
+            application { installProtectedRoute(support) }
+            val token = support.mint()
+            val response =
+                client.get("/protected") { header(HttpHeaders.Authorization, "Bearer $token") }
+            assertEquals(HttpStatusCode.OK, response.status)
+        }
+}

server/src/test/kotlin/dev/ulfrx/recipe/auth/JwtTestSupport.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+package dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth
+
+import com.auth0.jwk.Jwk
+import com.auth0.jwk.JwkProvider
+import com.auth0.jwt.JWT
+import com.auth0.jwt.algorithms.Algorithm
+import java.security.KeyPairGenerator
+import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey
+import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey
+import java.util.Base64
+import java.util.Date
+
+/**
+ * Test helper for the Phase 2 server JWT validation surface (D-21..D-23).
+ *
+ * Generates an RS256 RSA-2048 keypair in-process, exposes a [JwkProvider] backed
+ * by the public key (so Ktor's `verifier(jwkProvider, issuer)` can resolve the
+ * `kid` without HTTP), and mints RS256 tokens with configurable claims so tests
+ * can hand-craft missing/expired/wrong-issuer/wrong-audience/blank-sub variants.
+ *
+ * Tests must NOT spin up a real JWKS endpoint — `JwkProviderBuilder` requires a
+ * URL, and using a network port from `testApplication` is fragile. The [provider]
+ * surface lets `configureAuthentication(authConfig, jwkProvider)` bypass the URL
+ * fetch entirely.
+ */
+internal class JwtTestSupport(
+    val issuer: String = "https://test-authentik.invalid/application/o/recipe/",
+    val audience: String = "recipe-app",
+    val keyId: String = "test-key-1",
+) {
+    private val keyPair =
+        KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA").apply { initialize(2048) }.genKeyPair()
+    private val publicKey = keyPair.public as RSAPublicKey
+    private val privateKey = keyPair.private as RSAPrivateKey
+    private val algorithm = Algorithm.RSA256(publicKey, privateKey)
+
+    val provider: JwkProvider =
+        JwkProvider {
+            // Use the documented Jwk.fromValues factory — the 9-arg constructors are
+            // both deprecated in jwks-rsa, and `allWarningsAsErrors` forbids them.
+            // RS256 = RSA + SHA-256; jwks-rsa needs n + e modulus/exponent (base64url).
+            Jwk.fromValues(
+                mapOf(
+                    "kid" to keyId,
+                    "kty" to "RSA",
+                    "alg" to "RS256",
+                    "use" to "sig",
+                    "n" to publicKey.modulus.toBase64UrlNoPad(),
+                    "e" to publicKey.publicExponent.toBase64UrlNoPad(),
+                ),
+            )
+        }
+
+    /**
+     * Mint a signed JWT.
+     *
+     * @param iss override issuer (defaults to the verifier's expected [issuer]).
+     * @param aud override audience (defaults to the verifier's expected [audience]).
+     * @param sub subject claim; pass `""` or `null` to test the blank-sub gate.
+     * @param email optional email claim.
+     * @param name optional name claim (preferred_username uses the same input).
+     * @param expiresInSeconds expiry offset from now; pass a negative value for
+     *   the expired-token negative case (default 600s = 10 min).
+     */
+    fun mint(
+        iss: String = issuer,
+        aud: String = audience,
+        sub: String? = "auth0|test-user",
+        email: String? = "test@example.invalid",
+        name: String? = "Test User",
+        expiresInSeconds: Long = 600,
+    ): String {
+        val now = System.currentTimeMillis()
+        val builder =
+            JWT
+                .create()
+                .withKeyId(keyId)
+                .withIssuer(iss)
+                .withAudience(aud)
+                .withIssuedAt(Date(now))
+                .withExpiresAt(Date(now + expiresInSeconds * 1000L))
+        if (sub != null) builder.withSubject(sub)
+        if (email != null) builder.withClaim("email", email)
+        if (name != null) {
+            builder.withClaim("name", name)
+            builder.withClaim("preferred_username", name)
+        }
+        return builder.sign(algorithm)
+    }
+}
+
+private fun java.math.BigInteger.toBase64UrlNoPad(): String {
+    // Strip the leading sign byte that BigInteger.toByteArray() prepends when the
+    // high bit is set (jwks-rsa expects unsigned big-endian per RFC 7518).
+    val raw = this.toByteArray()
+    val unsigned =
+        if (raw.size > 1 && raw[0] == 0.toByte()) raw.copyOfRange(1, raw.size) else raw
+    return Base64.getUrlEncoder().withoutPadding().encodeToString(unsigned)
+}

server/src/test/kotlin/dev/ulfrx/recipe/auth/MeRouteTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+package dev.ulfrx.recipe.auth
+
+import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariConfig
+import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
+import dev.ulfrx.recipe.shared.dto.MeResponse
+import io.ktor.client.request.get
+import io.ktor.client.request.header
+import io.ktor.client.statement.bodyAsText
+import io.ktor.http.HttpHeaders
+import io.ktor.http.HttpStatusCode
+import io.ktor.serialization.kotlinx.json.json
+import io.ktor.server.application.install
+import io.ktor.server.plugins.contentnegotiation.ContentNegotiation
+import io.ktor.server.routing.routing
+import io.ktor.server.testing.testApplication
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import org.flywaydb.core.Flyway
+import org.junit.AfterClass
+import org.junit.BeforeClass
+import org.testcontainers.containers.PostgreSQLContainer
+import kotlin.test.Test
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+import kotlin.test.assertNotEquals
+import kotlin.test.assertTrue
+import org.jetbrains.exposed.sql.Database as ExposedDatabase
+
+/**
+ * Integration test for `GET /api/v1/me` — exercises the full
+ * Auth → PrincipalResolver → Postgres path against a real database (AUTH-03,
+ * AUTH-06, D-25, D-27).
+ *
+ * Uses Testcontainers `postgres:16` rather than ambient localhost Postgres so
+ * the test is hermetic across dev machines / CI. Flyway runs once per JVM
+ * process before any test executes; Exposed is connected through Hikari to
+ * the container.
+ */
+class MeRouteTest {
+    companion object {
+        private val postgres = PostgreSQLContainer("postgres:16")
+        private lateinit var dataSource: HikariDataSource
+        private val json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
+
+        @JvmStatic
+        @BeforeClass
+        fun setUpClass() {
+            postgres.start()
+            Flyway
+                .configure()
+                .dataSource(postgres.jdbcUrl, postgres.username, postgres.password)
+                .locations("classpath:db/migration")
+                .baselineOnMigrate(true)
+                .load()
+                .migrate()
+            dataSource =
+                HikariDataSource(
+                    HikariConfig().apply {
+                        jdbcUrl = postgres.jdbcUrl
+                        username = postgres.username
+                        setPassword(postgres.password)
+                        maximumPoolSize = 4
+                        poolName = "me-route-test-pool"
+                    },
+                )
+            ExposedDatabase.connect(dataSource)
+        }
+
+        @JvmStatic
+        @AfterClass
+        fun tearDownClass() {
+            dataSource.close()
+            postgres.stop()
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun authConfigFor(support: JwtTestSupport): AuthConfig =
+        AuthConfig(
+            issuer = support.issuer,
+            audience = support.audience,
+            jwksUrl = "https://test-authentik.invalid/application/o/jwks/",
+            leewaySeconds = 30,
+        )
+
+    @Test
+    fun `valid token creates user row and returns MeResponse`() =
+        testApplication {
+            val support = JwtTestSupport()
+            val resolver = PrincipalResolver()
+            application {
+                install(ContentNegotiation) { json() }
+                configureAuthentication(authConfigFor(support), support.provider)
+                routing { meRoute(resolver) }
+            }
+            val token = support.mint(sub = "auth0|user-create-123")
+
+            val response =
+                client.get("/api/v1/me") {
+                    header(HttpHeaders.Authorization, "Bearer $token")
+                }
+
+            assertEquals(HttpStatusCode.OK, response.status)
+            val body = json.decodeFromString(MeResponse.serializer(), response.bodyAsText())
+            assertEquals("auth0|user-create-123", body.sub)
+            assertEquals("test@example.invalid", body.email)
+            assertEquals("Test User", body.displayName)
+            assertTrue(body.id.isNotBlank(), "id should be a server-generated UUID, was: ${body.id}")
+        }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `second token with same sub updates email and display name without duplicating`() =
+        testApplication {
+            val support = JwtTestSupport()
+            val resolver = PrincipalResolver()
+            application {
+                install(ContentNegotiation) { json() }
+                configureAuthentication(authConfigFor(support), support.provider)
+                routing { meRoute(resolver) }
+            }
+
+            val first =
+                client.get("/api/v1/me") {
+                    header(
+                        HttpHeaders.Authorization,
+                        "Bearer ${support.mint(sub = "auth0|user-update-1", email = "old@example.invalid", name = "Old Name")}",
+                    )
+                }
+            assertEquals(HttpStatusCode.OK, first.status)
+            val firstBody = json.decodeFromString(MeResponse.serializer(), first.bodyAsText())
+
+            val second =
+                client.get("/api/v1/me") {
+                    header(
+                        HttpHeaders.Authorization,
+                        "Bearer ${support.mint(sub = "auth0|user-update-1", email = "new@example.invalid", name = "New Name")}",
+                    )
+                }
+            assertEquals(HttpStatusCode.OK, second.status)
+            val secondBody = json.decodeFromString(MeResponse.serializer(), second.bodyAsText())
+
+            assertEquals(firstBody.id, secondBody.id) // same row
+            assertEquals(firstBody.sub, secondBody.sub)
+            assertEquals("new@example.invalid", secondBody.email)
+            assertEquals("New Name", secondBody.displayName)
+            assertNotEquals(firstBody.email, secondBody.email)
+        }
+}